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Performance analysis of cogeneration systems based on micro gas turbine (MGT), organic Rankine cycle

Zemin BO, Kai ZHANG, Peijie SUN, Xiaojing LV, Yiwu WENG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 54-63 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0606-7

摘要： In this paper, the operation performance of three novel kinds of cogeneration systems under design and off-design condition was investigated. The systems are MGT (micro gas turbine) + ORC (organic Rankine cycle) for electricity demand, MGT+ ERC (ejector refrigeration cycle) for electricity and cooling demand, and MGT+ ORC+ ERC for electricity and cooling demand. The effect of 5 different working fluids on cogeneration systems was studied. The results show that under the design condition, when using R600 in the bottoming cycle, the MGT+ ORC system has the lowest total output of 117.1 kW with a thermal efficiency of 0.334, and the MGT+ ERC system has the largest total output of 142.6 kW with a thermal efficiency of 0.408. For the MGT+ ORC+ ERC system, the total output is between the other two systems, which is 129.3 kW with a thermal efficiency of 0.370. For the effect of different working fluids, R123 is the most suitable working fluid for MGT+ ORC with the maximum electricity output power and R600 is the most suitable working fluid for MGT+ ERC with the maximum cooling capacity, while both R600 and R123 can make MGT+ ORC+ ERC achieve a good comprehensive performance of refrigeration and electricity. The thermal efficiency of three cogeneration systems can be effectively improved under off-design condition because the bottoming cycle can compensate for the power decrease of MGT. The results obtained in this paper can provide a reference for the design and operation of the cogeneration system for distributed energy systems (DES).

关键词： cogeneration system     different working fluids     micro gas turbine (MGT)     organic Rankine cycle (ORC)     ejector refrigeration cycle (ERC)    

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Experimental investigation of a novel micro gas turbine with flexible switching function for distributed

Xiaojing LV, Weilun ZENG, Xiaoyi DING, Yiwu WENG, Shilie WENG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 790-800 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0691-2

摘要： Micro gas turbine (MGT) is widely used in small-scale distributed power systems because of its low emissions and fuel flexibility. However, the under-utilization of its exhaust heat and the low electric efficiency are the main bottlenecks that restrict its application. Additionally, the flexible switching between the power generated by the MGT and the power grid is also a key factor for keeping the secure operation of a distributed power station. Therefore, this paper conducted some experimental investigations of a 30 kW MGT to provide reference solutions for the above issues. This MGT is located at Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), which is designed by the Gas Turbine Research Institute of SJTU, and is manufactured by a turbo-machinery factory in Chongqing, China. The demonstration prototype is mainly composed of a single stage centrifugal compressor, a radial turbine, a combustor, a high-speed permanent magnet generator, and a control system. The results show that the MGT can achieve steady operation at a low rotational speed from 10000 r/min to 34000 r/min in the case of using oil lubricated bearings, which can greatly reduce the economic cost compared with the use of air bearings. At the same time, the ignition success rate of combustion chamber (CC) reaches 98% at a low rotational speed, and a wide range of stable combustion area can be obtained, because of the novel design method of combustor by referencing the way applied in an axial flow aero-engine. The MGT generating set can achieve functions, such as starting up, ignition, stable operation, loaded operation, grid-connection and stopping. This system also can realize flexibly switching from the start motor mode to the generator mode, and from grid-connected mode to off-grid mode, because the innovative multi-state switching control system is adopted. The above research work can make our state master independent intellectual property rights of micro gas turbine, rather than continue to be subject to the technological monopoly of the developed states, which can provide theoretical and experimental support for the industrialization of MGT in China.

关键词： gas turbine     flexible switching system     control system     distributed power system     emission test    

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Technological development of multi-energy complementary system based on solar PVs and MGT

Xiaojing LV, Yu WENG, Xiaoyi DING, Shilie WENG, Yiwu WENG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 509-517 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0598-3

摘要：

The complementary micro-energy network system consisting of solar photovoltaic power generation (solar PVs) and micro-gas turbine (MGT), which not only improves the absorption rate and reliability of photovoltaic power, but also has the advantages of low emission, high efficiency, and good fuel adaptability, has become one of the most promising distributed power systems in the field of micro grid. According to the development of current technology and the demand of actual work, this research described the domestic and foreign development of micro-energy network system based on solar PVs and MGT. Moreover, it analyzed the challenges and future development regarding the micro-energy network system in planning and design, energy utilization optimization and dispatching management, and system maintenance, respectively. Furthermore, it predicted the future development of the key technology of the multi-energy complementary system. These results will be beneficial for the progress of this field both in theory and practice.

关键词： renewable energy     solar photovoltaic power generation     micro gas turbine     multi-energy complementary system     micro-energy network    

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Structural modeling of a typical gas turbine system

Naresh YADAV, Irshad Ahmad KHAN, Sandeep GROVER

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第1期   页码 57-79 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0164-8

摘要： This paper presents an approach for the structural modeling and analysis of a typical gas turbine system. This approach has been applied to the systems and subsystems, which are integral parts of a typical gas turbine system. Since a gas turbine system performance is measured in terms of fluid flow energy transformations across its various assemblies and subassemblies, the performance of such subsystems affects the overall performance of the gas turbine system. An attempt has been made to correlate the associativity of such subsystems contributing to overall gas turbine system functional evaluation using graph theoretic approach. The characteristic equations at the system level as well as subsystem level have been developed on the basis of associativity of various factors affecting their performance. A permanent function has been proposed for the functional model of a gas turbine system, which further leads to selection, identification and optimal evaluation of gas turbine systems.

关键词： system modeling     gas turbine system evaluation     graph theoretic approach    

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Improvement of part-load performance of gas turbine by adjusting compressor inlet air temperature and

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 1000-1016 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0746-z

摘要： A novel adjusting method for improving gas turbine (GT) efficiency and surge margin (SM) under part-load conditions is proposed. This method adopts the inlet air heating technology, which uses the waste heat of low-grade heat source and the inlet guide vane (IGV) opening adjustment. Moreover, the regulation rules of the compressor inlet air temperature and the IGV opening are studied comprehensively to optimize GT performance. A model and calculation method for an equilibrium running line is adopted based on the characteristic curves of the compressor and turbine. The equilibrium running lines calculated through the calculation method involve three part-load conditions and three IGV openings with different inlet air temperatures. The results show that there is an optimal matching relationship between IGV opening and inlet air temperature. For the best GT performance of a given load, the IGV could be adjusted according to inlet air temperature. In addition, inlet air heating has a considerable potential for the improvement of part-load performance of GT due to the increase in compressor efficiency, combustion efficiency, and turbine efficiency as well as turbine inlet temperature, when inlet air temperature is lower than the optimal value with different IGV openings. Further, when the IGV is in a full opening state and an optimal inlet air temperature is achieved by using the inlet air heating technology, GT efficiency and SM can be obviously higher than other IGV openings. The IGV can be left unadjusted, even when the load is as low as 50%. These findings indicate that inlet air heating has a great potential to replace the IGV to regulate load because GT efficiency and SM can be remarkably improved, which is different from the traditional viewpoints.

关键词： inlet air temperature     inlet guide vane (IGV) opening     part-load     equilibrium running line     gas turbine (GT) efficiency     surge margin (SM)    

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Framework design of a hybrid energy system by combining wind farm with small gas turbine power plants

Nengsheng BAO, Weidou NI,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 205-210 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0073-2

摘要： Owing to the stochastic characteristic of natural wind speed, the output fluctuation of wind farm has a negative impact on power grid when a large-scale wind farm is connected to a power grid. It is very difficult to overcome this impact only by wind farm itself. A novel power system called wind-gas turbine hybrid energy system was discussed, and the framework design of this hybrid energy system was presented in detail in this paper. The hybrid energy system combines wind farm with several small gas turbine power plants to form an integrated power station to provide a relatively firm output power. The small gas turbine power plant has such special advantages as fast start-up, shutdown, and quick load regulation to fit the requirement of the hybrid energy system. Therefore, the hybrid energy system uses the output from the small gas turbine power plants to compensate for the output fluctuation from the wind farm for the firm output from the whole power system. To put this hybrid energy system into practice, the framework must be designed first. The capacity of the wind farm is chosen according to the capacity and units of small gas turbine power plants, load requirement from power grid, and local wind energy resource distribution. Finally, a framework design case of hybrid energy system was suggested according to typical wind energy resource in Xinjiang Autonomous Region in China.

关键词： framework design     hybrid energy system     wind farm     gas turbine power plants    

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Nonlinear design-point performance adaptation approaches and their comparisons for gas turbine applications

Y. G. LI, P. PILIDIS,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 446-455 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0042-9

摘要： Accurate performance simulation and understanding of gas turbine engines is very useful for gas turbine manufacturers and users alike and such a simulation normally starts from its design point. When some of the engine component parameters for an existing engine are not available, they must be estimated in order that the performance analysis can be started. Therefore, the simulated design point performance of an engine may be slightly different from its actual performance. In this paper, two nonlinear gas turbine design-point performance adaptation approaches have been presented to best estimate the unknown component parameters and match available design point engine performance, one using a nonlinear matrix inverse adaptation method and the other using a Genetic Algorithm-based adaptation approach. The advantages and disadvantages of the two adaptation methods have been compared with each other. In the approaches, the component parameters may be compressor pressure ratios and efficiencies, turbine entry temperature, turbine efficiencies, engine mass flow rate, cooling flows, and by-pass ratio, etc. The engine performance parameters may be thrust and SFC for aero engines, shaft power, and thermal efficiency for industrial engines, gas path pressures, temperatures, etc. To select the most appropriate to-be-adapted component parameters, a sensitivity bar chart is used to analyze the sensitivity of all potential component parameters against the engine performance parameters. The two adaptation approaches have been applied to a model gas turbine engine. The application shows that the sensitivity bar chart is very useful in the selection of the to-be-adapted component parameters, and both adaptation approaches are able to produce good quality engine models at design point. The comparison of the two adaptation methods shows that the nonlinear matrix inverse method is faster and more accurate, while the genetic algorithm-based adaptation method is more robust but slower. Theoretically, both adaptation methods can be extended to other gas turbine engine performance modelling applications.

关键词： gas turbine     engine     performance adaptation     performance matching     design-point performance simulation     influence coefficient matrix     genetic algorithm    

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CFD evaluation of pressure drop across a 3-D filter housing for industrial gas turbine plants

Fidelis I. ABAM,Samuel O. EFFIOM,Olayinka S. OHUNAKIN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 192-202 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0406-x

摘要： This paper investigated the flow distribution and total pressure drop across a designed 3-D filter housing integrated with a 3-stage filtration system using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The filter housing model was proposed for a heavy-duty industrial gas turbine plant operating at an average ambient temperature of 20°C.The pressure drops across the classes of filters were 652.8 Pa, 2692.2 Pa, 887.8 Pa, 776.2 Pa and 2304.2 Pa for I-GB, GB-GA, GA-FA, FA-HA, and HA-O, respectively. The results obtained indicated an acceptable total pressure drop of 7.2% for the entire filter housing before filter clean-up. Although the CFD simulation result shows that small outlet flow velocity and transonic flows exist at the outlet of the filter housing, the designed filter housing was proved compatible with the studied GT, for inlet flow conditions between 600≤ ≤610 kg/s and 60≤ ≤70 m/s for the air flow rate and velocity, respectively. Furthermore, the designed filter housing could be adopted for the studied GT and locations of Usan and Maiduguri in Nigeria, and other locations with similar environmental conditions.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics (CFD)     pressure drop     flow distribution     filter housing     gas turbine    

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Atomistic simulations for adsorption and separation of flue gas in MFI zeolite and MFI/MCM-41 micro/mesoporous

Shengchi ZHUO, Yongmin HUANG, Jun HU, Honglai LIU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 264-273 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-1007-6

摘要： Adsorption of pure CO and N and separation of CO /N mixture in MFI zeolite and MFI/MCM-41 micro/mesoporous composite have been studied by using atomistic simulations. Fully atomistic models of MFI and MFI/MCM-41 are constructed and characterized. A bimodal pore size distribution is observed in MFI/MCM-41 from simulated small- and broad-angle X-ray diffraction patterns. The density of MFI/MCM-41 is lower than MFI, while its free volume and specific surface area are greater than MFI due to the presence of mesopores. CO is preferentially adsorbed than N , and thus, the loading and isosteric heat of CO are greater than N in both MFI and MFI/MCM-41. CO isotherm in MFI/MCM-41 is similar to that in MFI at low pressures, but resembles that in MCM-41 at high pressures. N shows similar amount of loading in MFI, MCM-41 and MFI/MCM-41. The selectivity of CO over N in the three adsorbents decreases in the order of MFI>MFI/MCM-41>MCM-41. With increasing pressure, the selectivity increases in MFI and MFI/MCM-41, but decreases in MCM-41. The self-diffusivity of CO and N in MFI decreases as loading increases, while in MFI/MCM-41, it first increases and then drops.

关键词： adsorption     diffusion     CO2     flue gas     zeolite     micro/mesoporous composite    

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Progress in developing an innovative lean burn catalytic turbine technology for fugitive methane mitigation

Shi SU, Xinxiang YU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 229-235 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0147-9

摘要： Approximately 2.8 × 10 m of methane is emitted per year to the atmosphere from coal mining activities around the world. Mitigation and utilization of the fugitive coal mine methane is very difficult because its concentration is very low and varies from 0.1% to1%, and the methane is contained in a large air flow rate of 150–400 m /s. This paper overviews existing and developing technologies for the mitigation and utilization of the fugitive mine methane, and then presents research progress in developing an innovative lean burn catalytic turbine technology for fugitive methane mitigation and utilization. This turbine system can be powered with about 1% methane in air.

关键词： coal mine methane     mitigation and utilization     lean burn gas turbine     catalytic combustion    

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发人深省的航空喷气发动机发祥史——兼谈预先研究的基础作用

吴大观

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第1期   页码 77-80

摘要：

文章对鲜为后人详知的航空喷气发动机在世界上发祥的历史，作了简要介绍。美国、前苏联和旧中国，在40年代都买得英国喷气发动机的专利，50多年以后的今天，前两国在世界上形成两个航空大国，而我国却远不能与其相比拟。经过对比分析，事实证明狠抓发动机预先研究，是发展发动机行业的关键条件之一。文章还为我国今后如何重视预先研究提出了改进的有效措施和意见。

关键词： 航空喷气发动机     基础研究     预先研究    

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Part-load, startup, and shutdown strategies of a solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid system

Yang LI, Yiwu WENG, Shilie WENG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 181-194 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0149-7

摘要： Current work on the performance of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and gas turbine hybrid system is presented. Each component model developed and applied is mathematically defined. The electrochemical performance of single SOFC with different fuels is tested. Experimental results are used to validate the SOFC mathematical model. Based on the simulation model, a safe operation regime of the hybrid system is accurately plotted first. Three different part-load strategies are introduced and used to analyze the part-load performance of the hybrid system using the safe regime. Another major objective of this paper is to introduce a suitable startup and shutdown strategy for the hybrid system. The sequences for the startup and shutdown are proposed in detail, and the system responses are acquired with the simulation model. Hydrogen is used instead of methane during the startup and shutdown process. Thus, the supply of externally generated steam is not needed for the reforming reaction. The gas turbine is driven by complementary fuel and supplies compressed air to heat up or cool down the SOFC stack operating temperature. The dynamic simulation results show that smooth cooling and heating of the cell stack can be accomplished without external electrical power.

关键词： solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)     hybrid system     part-load strategy     startup     shutdown    

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Burnett simulations of gas flow and heat transfer in microchannels

Fubing BAO, Jianzhong LIN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第3期   页码 252-263 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0037-6

摘要： In micro- and nanoscale gas flows, the flow falls into the transition flow regime. There are not enough molecule collisions and the gas deviates from the equilibrium. The Navier-Stokes equations fail to describe the gas flow in this regime. The direct simulation Monte Carlo method converges slowly and requires lots of computational time. As a result, the high-order Burnett equations are used to study the gas flow and heat transfer characteristics in micro- and nanoscale gas flows in this paper. The Burnett equations are first reviewed, and the augmented Burnett equations with high-order slip boundary conditions are then used to model the gas flow and heat transfer in Couette and Poiseuille flows in the transition regime.

关键词： micro- and nanoscale gas flow     slip-transition flow regime     Burnett equations     numerical simulation    

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Dynamic simulation of gas turbines via feature similarity-based transfer learning

Dengji ZHOU, Jiarui HAO, Dawen HUANG, Xingyun JIA, Huisheng ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 817-835 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0709-9

摘要： Since gas turbine plays a key role in electricity power generating, the requirements on the safety and reliability of this classical thermal system are becoming gradually strict. With a large amount of renewable energy being integrated into the power grid, the request of deep peak load regulation for satisfying the varying demand of users and maintaining the stability of the whole power grid leads to more unstable working conditions of gas turbines. The startup, shutdown, and load fluctuation are dominating the operating condition of gas turbines. Hence simulating and analyzing the dynamic behavior of the engines under such instable working conditions are important in improving their design, operation, and maintenance. However, conventional dynamic simulation methods based on the physic differential equations is unable to tackle the uncertainty and noise when faced with variant real-world operations. Although data-driven simulating methods, to some extent, can mitigate the problem, it is impossible to perform simulations with insufficient data. To tackle the issue, a novel transfer learning framework is proposed to transfer the knowledge from the physics equation domain to the real-world application domain to compensate for the lack of data. A strong dynamic operating data set with steep slope signals is created based on physics equations and then a feature similarity-based learning model with an encoder and a decoder is built and trained to achieve feature adaptive knowledge transferring. The simulation accuracy is significantly increased by 24.6% and the predicting error reduced by 63.6% compared with the baseline model. Moreover, compared with the other classical transfer learning modes, the method proposed has the best simulating performance on field testing data set. Furthermore, the effect study on the hyper parameters indicates that the method proposed is able to adaptively balance the weight of learning knowledge from the physical theory domain or from the real-world operation domain.

关键词： gas turbine     dynamic simulation     data-driven     transfer learning     feature similarity    

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Exergy analysis and simulation of a 30MW cogeneration cycle

Nikhil Dev, Samsher, S. S. Kachhwaha, Rajesh Attri

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第8卷 第2期   页码 169-180 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0263-9

摘要：

Cogeneration cycle is an efficient mean to recover the waste heat from the flue gases coming out of gas turbine. With the help of computer simulation, design parameters may be selected for the best performance of cogeneration cycle. In the present work a program is executed in software EES on the basis of mathematical modelling described in paper to study cogeneration cycle performance for different parameters. Results obtained are compared with the results available in literature and are found in good agreement with them. Real gas and water properties are inbuilt in the software. Results show that enthalpy of air entering the combustion chamber is higher than that of the flue gases at combustion chamber outlet. For different operative conditions, energy and exergy efficiencies follow similar trends; although, exergy efficiency values are always lower than the corresponding energy efficiency ones. From the results it is found that turbine outlet temperature (TIT) of 524°C is uniquely suited to efficient cogeneration cycle because it enables the transfer of heat from exhaust gas to the steam cycle to take place over a minimal temperature difference. This temperature range results in the maximum thermodynamic availability while operating with highest temperature and highest efficiency cogeneration cycle. Effect of cycle pressure ratio (CR), inlet air temperature (IAT) and water pressure at heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) inlet on the 30 MW cogeneration cycle is also studied.

关键词： Cogeneration cycle     air compressor     HRSG     gas turbine     regenerator     CR     IAT    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Performance analysis of cogeneration systems based on micro gas turbine (MGT), organic Rankine cycle

Zemin BO, Kai ZHANG, Peijie SUN, Xiaojing LV, Yiwu WENG

期刊论文

Experimental investigation of a novel micro gas turbine with flexible switching function for distributed

Xiaojing LV, Weilun ZENG, Xiaoyi DING, Yiwu WENG, Shilie WENG

期刊论文

Technological development of multi-energy complementary system based on solar PVs and MGT

Xiaojing LV, Yu WENG, Xiaoyi DING, Shilie WENG, Yiwu WENG

期刊论文

Structural modeling of a typical gas turbine system

Naresh YADAV, Irshad Ahmad KHAN, Sandeep GROVER

期刊论文

Improvement of part-load performance of gas turbine by adjusting compressor inlet air temperature and

期刊论文

Framework design of a hybrid energy system by combining wind farm with small gas turbine power plants

Nengsheng BAO, Weidou NI,

期刊论文

Nonlinear design-point performance adaptation approaches and their comparisons for gas turbine applications

Y. G. LI, P. PILIDIS,

期刊论文

CFD evaluation of pressure drop across a 3-D filter housing for industrial gas turbine plants

Fidelis I. ABAM,Samuel O. EFFIOM,Olayinka S. OHUNAKIN

期刊论文

Atomistic simulations for adsorption and separation of flue gas in MFI zeolite and MFI/MCM-41 micro/mesoporous

Shengchi ZHUO, Yongmin HUANG, Jun HU, Honglai LIU

期刊论文

Progress in developing an innovative lean burn catalytic turbine technology for fugitive methane mitigation

Shi SU, Xinxiang YU

期刊论文

发人深省的航空喷气发动机发祥史——兼谈预先研究的基础作用

吴大观

期刊论文

Part-load, startup, and shutdown strategies of a solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid system

Yang LI, Yiwu WENG, Shilie WENG

期刊论文

Burnett simulations of gas flow and heat transfer in microchannels

Fubing BAO, Jianzhong LIN

期刊论文

Dynamic simulation of gas turbines via feature similarity-based transfer learning

Dengji ZHOU, Jiarui HAO, Dawen HUANG, Xingyun JIA, Huisheng ZHANG

期刊论文

Exergy analysis and simulation of a 30MW cogeneration cycle

Nikhil Dev, Samsher, S. S. Kachhwaha, Rajesh Attri

期刊论文